How Did Harriet Tubman Change The World - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 648 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Harriet Tubman Essay Did you like this example? Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world. this is a quote by Harriet Tubman. Early life for Harriet Tubman was horrible because she was born a SLAVE. Now how did Harriet tubman change the world well she did so much, but heres one she got rights for african americans. Now how did harriet Tubman accomplish her dream or goal. Well she freed thousands of slaves. Early Life: Harriet Tubman was born a slave in Maryland and born around 1820 to 1821. Harriet Tubmans real name was Araminta Ross but she used her mothers name instead. Harriet Tubman also lived in a one room cabin with eleven children. When six Harriet was taken to another family and had to take care of a baby. Harriet was Sometimes Beaten and could only eat table scraps. Then Harriet Tubman had some jobs on the plantation. Such as plowing the fields and loading produce into wagons. Harriet Tubman became strong doing manual labor like hauling logs and driving oxan. Then when she was thirteen Harriet Tubman got horrible head injury. And you might ask how well Harriet Tubman went to town and went inside of a countryside store and a slave owner tried to through a two pound weight from the storekeeperrs scales at his slave but missed him and hit Harriet instead and it almost Killed her and it caused her head dizzy spells ( Dizzy spell are when you get light headed and you have to sit down if not yo u will fall down.) and blackouts for the rest of her life. ( Blackout are when you completely blackout so you basically passout.) After Harriet Tubman learned there were states that slavery was OUTLAWED! Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Did Harriet Tubman Change The World" essay for you Create order Changing the World: Slaves escaped the North Underground Railroad. But the underground railroad was not a real railroad it was a number of safe homes for slaves called stations it would help hide slaves as they travelled up north. Whoever helped the slaves go to station to station they were called conductors they would help them until they reached the north. In 18445 Harriet Tubman decided to escape through the underground railroad. After a long and scary ride Harriet Tubman made it to Pennsylvania and was finally free. In 1850 the fugitive slave act passed.this meant that slaves could be taken from free states and returned to their owner. What you had to do to be free was that you had to escape through Canada and Harriet Tubman wanted to help others escape to Canada including her family. So she became an underground railroad conductor and became a famous one. Harriet Tubman led nineteen different escapes from the south and helped around 300 slaves to escape and became known as Moses. Harriet Tubman led her people to freedom and she was brave and she helped her mother and father escape to, and Harriet Tubman NEVER lost a slave and never got caught. Harriet Tubman also helped in the Civil War she helped wounded soldiers and was a spy for the North she also helped the Military campaign and led to rescue over seven hundred fifty slaves. After war Harriet Tubman lived in New York and helped poor and sick people. Achieving Her Dream: Harriet Tubman was an extraordinary person she fought for rights for African Americans.Harriet Tubman freed thousands of slaves and freed around three hundred from Maryland to Pennsylvania but Harriet Tubman felt bad about leaving so she went back and she heard that her niece and her two children were being sold and Harriet Tubman snuck them out. Harriet Tubman was such a great person because she has done all of and more with a chronic head disease. Sometimes Harriet Tubman had visions and she would write about using her nighttimers and used them to free slaves.

Swot Analysis of PG - 1235 Words

SWOT ANALYSIS OF P and G P and G is one of the largest consumer goods company in the world. It markets 300+ brands in more than 180 countries. P and G is engaged in diverse products like beauty, health, fabric, snacks and many more. P and G’s leading market position with its strong brand portfolio provides it with a significant competitive advantage. But there are lot of external factors like economic slowdown, environmental factors, etc which pose a threat to P and G’s progress. Internal factors also have a large impact on the company’s growth. Thus it makes necessary for SWOT analysis in order to develop further strategies for P and G. Strengths Research and development : P and G has strong R and D capabilities. P G is ranked†¦show more content†¦For example: P and G have placed recalls on Swiffer vacuum cleaner. If they have continual recalls, it could tarnish the brand image leading to lower customer loyalty. Dependency on mature markets and specific stores: P and G’s prime focus has been on mature markets like USA and western Europe with 26% and 22% of company’s sales respectively. Even though the sales in emerging markets has been 35% of sales, P and G is not putting much effort in growing in these emerging markets. P and G has been dependent on Walmart stores for majority of its sales, but this also can have a negative impact during financial crisis of Walmart. Lack of diversified customer portfolio: P and G’s 35% of sales is contributed by top 10 customers. Thus, the company’s revenues are concentrated among a few top customers. Thus, if these top customers face any financial difficulties, the chance of affecting company’s revenue is large. Opportunities: Emerging markets: The emerging markets of Latin America, India, Middle East, Korea, etc present significant opportunities for P and G due to increase in household income and emerging middle class. These factors will drive emerging markets and will make them more attractive in the future for consumer products manufacturing companies like P and G. Technology development: With the introduction of internet, the online social networks and internet marketing has created opportunity in terms of faster development and reducingShow MoreRelatedPG Swot Analysis10435 Words   |  42 Pages having a brand with a leading market share is a key competitive advantage. A strong brand fosters consumer loyalty, which in turn creates the opportunity for additional market share growth and above-average pricing flexibility. One good example is PG’s Tide laundry detergent. Despite a selling price above that of many other brands and the entry of Wal-Mart stores Inc.’s private-label product, Tide continues to strengthen its No. 1 position in US laundry detergent sales. Market Share Advantage:Read MoreSwot Analysis Of P G895 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop rate later on. In China and Russia, PG is utilizing its portfolio of heading brands to draw in, form and grow a system of distributors. Presently its distributor system in China reaches at around 800 million individuals. In Russia, it now has an entry to 80% of the population. Therefore, with its extending distribution system, PG could tackle opportunities in these two nations to upgrade its market share and also balance out its top line development. PG is pursuing a clearly drafted developmentRead MoreSwot Analysis Of P G s Gillette Brand1044 Words   |  5 Pagescustomer s needs and wants. Geographic Segments PG s Gillette brand is organised in five geographic regions: North America, Western Europe, Central Eastern Europe/Middle East/Africa(CEEMEA),Latin America and Asia, which is comprised of Japan, Greater China and ASEAN/Australia/India/Korea Through their innovative products Gillette always attract customers. They design product specially for particular region. 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Texting vs. Calling Free Essays

â€Å"Texting vs. Calling† The evolution of cell phones has changed the world socially. The creation of cell phones began in the 1840s, but the first phone did not come out publically until 1977 (â€Å"Cell Phones†). We will write a custom essay sample on Texting vs. Calling or any similar topic only for you Order Now Majority of people today could not go a day without their phones. Now that phones are more portable, lighter, smaller, and easier to use, more and more people are upgrading and getting newer phones. Since the 1990s, cell phones have added new features to expand the way we communicate with others. With the new cell phones today, a person can do more than just make phone calls, he or she can text, instant message, and send emails. The two most common forms of communication through a cell phone are making a phone call and texting. Despite the fact that texting and calling have many similarities, they have many differences. Texting is when a person types a short message on a cell phone and sends it to another person with a cell phone. Texting allows more convenience because it is a faster way to get in touch with someone. There are a lot of people who will not even call on their phones, but will respond to a text immediately. Texting is more private. When a person is in a public place, he or she will not disturb others and no one would know what his or her conversation is about. An individual can also send a picture through a text. For example, instead of describing an item over the phone, a person can send a picture. We can see many useful things that texting bring to us. While texting, we can think clearly before we intend to say something. Once a person says something while on the phone, it is out in the open and he or she cannot take it back. While texting give us some time to consider carefully before saying what we think. This can cause less drama and fights. It is also more difficult to start a conversation by calling every time. Sometimes, texting will be good for explaining or saying sorry. Having conversations can either push people apart or bring people together. Depending on how a person says it and what kind of tone he or she uses, results in the way others may react. As if cell phones weren’t already pricey enough, the cost to have text messaging and calling features can put a dent in his or her pocket. That brings up another difference between texting and calling. Texting on the mobile phone is less costly than calling. Students and younger teenagers prefer paying for text messages rather than phone calls, especially when they’re low on money and do not have a job. Unless a person has unlimited texting, it can range from ten cents up to about twenty-five cents a message. Calling can be between one dollar to a dollar and twenty-five cents. It all depends on the phone plan he or she chooses, but the cost of calling is still more than the cost of text messaging. Even when researching the statistics of calling and texting, people can come to the conclusion that more cell phone users choose texting over calling. More and more people agree that texting is more fun and easier than calling. All of this texting activity has come at the expense of voice. Last year, teens texted instead of calling because it was fun. Now, more teens consider texting faster and easier than calling. Voice activity has decreased fourteen percent among teens, who average 646 minutes talking on the phone per month. Many adults over the age of fifty-five, on the other hand, prefer to talk instead of text. It is said that they communicate by calling more than teens do. If it seems like American teens are texting all the time, it’s probably because on average they’re sending or receiving 3,339 texts a month. It’s amazing at how many people use texting more than calling, but sometimes calling can do more than texting can. Texting can be short and sweet; however, most people think calling is more meaningful. Someone can pick up the phone, and say, â€Å"I love you, mom† or â€Å"I will have dinner at home, Dad. † Just by hearing his or her voice, the parent will feel more satisfied compared to reading a text message. By calling, cell phone users can talk with their friends comfortably and transfer their emotions to their friends naturally. Although both have their own value, I believe that calling makes people closer than texting. Besides, people just call for 911. If they try texting a message to 911, it won’t quite work out like they thought. I will say that some messages you shouldn’t reply to. Some messages are sent just to deliver information that the receiver needs to complete a task or something simple as a greeting or a farewell. Also think about the elderly, they are not used to the new technology that the new mobile devices offer, so most likely text messaging will be out of the question for them. A lot of elderly people have bad vision and won’t quite understand the different options and menus that a new mobile device has to offer. The simple task of texting could take them up to thirty or more minutes, and I’m sure this will become very aggravating. Cell phones can be very distracting. Both texting and calling while driving are dangerous, but texting is absolutely unacceptable and more likely to cause accidents. Cell phone users have to look down at the phone to text and call. While making a phone call, it takes less time to dial a number than it does to type out a sentence. Texting causes drivers to focus more on what a text message says rather than worrying about driving. Phone calls require drivers to focus on the phone to dial a number, but it’s not nearly as distracting as texting. Overall, there are different aspects to look at when choosing whether to call or text, but both are great ways to communicate through a cell phone. A text or call can let people know they are being thought about and send out a bit of emotion. They both have many similarities and differences, but I believe the differences overcome the similarities and are more important. Works Cited â€Å"Cell Phones. † Cell Phone History. N. p. , 2008. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. lt;http://cellphones. org/cell-phone-history. htmlgt;. How to cite Texting vs. Calling, Papers

Associative and Time Series Forecasting Models free essay sample

Associative and Time Series Forecasting involves using past data to generate a number, set of numbers, or scenario that corresponds to a future occurrence. It is absolutely essential to short-range and long-range planning. Time Series and Associative models are both quantitative forecast techniques are more objective than qualitative techniques such as the Delphi Technique and market research. Time Series Models Based on the assumption that history will repeat itself, there will be identifiable patterns of behaviour that can be used to predict future behaviour. This model is useful when you have a short time requirement (eg days) to analyse products in their growth stages to predict short-term outcomes. To use this model you look at several historical periods and choose a method that minimises a chosen measure of error. Then use that method to predict the future. To do this you use detailed data by SKUs (Stock Keeping Units) which are readily available. In TSM there may be identifiable underlying behaviours to identify as well as the causes of that behaviour. The data may show causal patterns that appear to repeat themselves – the trick is to determine which are true patterns that can be used for analysis and which are merely random variations. The patterns you look for include: Trends – long term movements in either direction Cycles wavelike variations lasting more than a year usually tied to economic or political conditions (eg gas prices have long term impact on travel trends) Seasonality – short-term variations related to season, month, particular day (eg Christmas sales, Monday trade etc) In addition there are causes of behaviour that are not patterns such as worker strikes, natural disasters and other random variations. Simple uses of this model include â€Å"naive† forecasting averaging but both take little account of the variations and patterns. â€Å"Naive† forecast uses the actual demand for the past period as the forecasted demand for the next period on the assumption that the past will repeat and any trends, seasonality, or cycles are either reflected in the previous periods demand or do not exist. Simple average takes the average of some number of periods of past data by summing each period and dividing the result by the number of periods. (great for short term basic forecasting) Moving average takes a predetermined number of periods, sums their actual demand, and divides by the number of periods to reach a forecast. For each subsequent period, the oldest period of data drops off and the latest period is added Weighted average applies a predetermined weight to each month of past data, sums the past data from each period then divides by the total of the weights. If the forecaster adjusts the weights so that their sum is equal to 1, then the weights are multiplied by the actual demand of each applicable period. The results are then summed to achieve a weighted forecast. Generally, the more recent the data is, the higher the weight. Weighted moving average this is a combination of weighted and moving average which assigns weights to a predetermined number of periods of actual data and computes the forecast the same way as moving average forecasts. As with all moving forecasts, as each new period is added, the data from the oldest period is discarded. Exponential smoothing is a more complex form of weighted moving average in which the weight falls off exponentially as the data ages. This averaging technique takes the previous periods forecast and adjusts it by a predetermined smoothing constant multiplied by the difference in the previous forecast and the demand that actually occurred during the previously forecasted period (called forecast error). Holts Model An extension of exponential smoothing used when time-series data exhibits a linear trend. This method is known by several other names: double smoothing; trend-adjusted exponential smoothing; forecast including trend. A more complex form known as the Holt-Winters Model brings both trend and seasonality into the equation. This can be analysed using either the multiplicative or additive method. In the additive version, seasonality is expressed as a quantity to be added to or subtracted from the series average. For the multiplicative model seasonality is expressed as a percentage (seasonal relatives or seasonal indexes) of the average (or trend). These are then multiplied times values in order to incorporate seasonality. Associative Models Also known as â€Å"causal† models involve the identification of variables that can be used to predict another variable of interest. They are based on the assumption that the historical relationship between dependent andindependent variables will remain valid in future and each independent variable is easy to predict. This form of analysis can take several months and is used for medium-term forecasts for products in their growth or maturity phase. The procedure for this model is to collect several periods of history relating to the independent and dependent variables themselves, establish the relationship that minimizes mean squared error of forecast vs actual using linear or non-linear and singular or multiple regression analysis. So you first predict the independent variable, then look at the established relationships between that independent variable and the dependent ones to predict what the dependent variables will be. You then develop an equation that summarizes the effects of predictor variables. To do this you will need aggregate data which is not always readily available and this model can be become overly complex the more factors are included as variables. Examples of the relationship between independent and dependent variables include: interest rates will impact on home loan applications, soil conditions will effect crop yields, location and size of land will effect sales levels. Techniques Linear regression, the objective is to develop an equation that summarizes the effects of the predictor (independent) variables upon the forecasted (dependent) variable. If the predictor variable were plotted, the object would be to obtain an equation of a straight line that minimizes the sum of the squared deviations from the line (with deviation being the distance from each point to the line). Where there is more than one predictor variable or if the relationship between predictor and forecast is not linear, simple linear regression wont be adequate. For multiple predictors, multiple regression should be used, while non-linear relationships needs the use of curvilinear regression. Econometric forecasting Uses complex mathematical equations to show past relationships between demand and variables that influence the demand. An equation is derived and then tested and fine-tuned to ensure that it is as reliable a representation of the past relationship as possible. Once this is done, projected values of the influencing variables (income, prices, etc. ) are inserted into the equation to make a forecast. An example of this is the ARIMA model (autoregressive integrated moving-average). NB Box and Jenkins proposed a three stage methodology: model identification, estimation and validation. This involves identifying if the series is stationary or not and the presence of seasonality by examining plots of the series, autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions. Then models are estimated using non-linear time series or maximum likelihood estimation procedures. Finally validation is carried out with diagnostic checking such as plotting the residuals to detect outliers and evidence of model fit. Evaluating Forecasts determined by computing the bias, mean absolute deviation (MAD), mean square error (MSE), or mean absolute percent error (MAPE) for the forecast using different values for alpha. Bias is the sum of the forecast errors. These measures give more accuracy to the forecast of bias by taking into account the impact of over-forecasting and under-forecasting on the results. Choosing a method for different organisations/purposes No single technique works in every situation but the two most important factors are cost and accuracy. Other factors to consider are availability of historical data and the time resources needed to gather and analyse the data as well as the timeline of the forecast – how far into the future you are trying to look. Often an organisation can use several methods for different purposes. For example a charitable organisation might lack funds technology but usually keep excellent records of their history and there is a multitude of readily accessible socio-economic data that can be applied to identify patterns and behaviours. They are also usually looking at predicting the situation for the next year or three years depending on their funding cycles and do not have months to spare while they determine variables. In this discussion of a state energy boards forecasting options (see link to pdf) they discuss the use of several methods depending on what they are trying to achieve.